Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is the nonspecific diagnostic indicator of the presence of inflammatory disease. It measures how quickly red blood cells (erythrocytes) from a client's blood sample settle at the bottom of a test tube. Normal erythrocytes settle slowly. A faster-than-normal rate indicates inflammation. A positive result can confirm a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. The normal reference range for ESR results is 1-13 mm/hr for males and 1-20 mm/hr for females.